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Charles Wright (October 29, 1811 - August 11, 1885) was an American botanist. Wright was born in Wethersfield, Connecticut,〔 Mary Gunn and L. E. W. Codd 〕 the son of James Wright and Mary née Goodrich. He studied classics and mathematics at Yale,〔 and in October 1835 moved to Natchez, Mississippi to tutor a plantation owner's family. His employer's business failed two years later, and he moved to Texas, working as a land surveyor and teacher. He surveyed ground for the Pacific Railroad Company.〔 Bo Beolens, Michael Watkins and Michael Grayson〕 During this time, he also collected plants for Asa Gray. Gray thought of Wright as one of his most trusted collectors.〔Carolyn Dodson〕 In 1849, he joined an army expedition (with Gray's help)〔 through Texas, botanising from Galveston to San Antonio and then on to El Paso. But he had to walk most of the 673 miles, (which took over 104 days effort).〔 Dan Lewis Fische 〕 He collected seeds of ''Penstemon baccharifolius'' (Hook), between Texas and El Paso, which were later given to William Hooker. Also,''Castilleja lanata'' (found near the Rio Grande) and ''Castilleja integra'' (found in the Organ Mountains, near El Paso).〔Francis Whittier Pennell〕 In the spring of 1851, he joined the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey (also with Gray's help). His collections from these two trips, formed the basis of Gray's ''Plantae Wrightianae'' (1852–53). He found around 50 plants in the area.〔 Between 1853 and 1856, he took part in the Rodgers-Ringgold North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition,〔 collecting plants in Madeira, Cape Verde, Cape Town, Sydney, Hong Kong, the Bonin Islands, Japan (at Hakodate, Tanegashima, the Bonin Islands and the Ryukyu Islands including Okinawa) and the western side of the Bering Strait. He collected over 500 specimens while the ships were delayed at Simon's Bay, near Cape Town.〔 Wright left the expedition at San Francisco in February 1856 and went south to Nicaragua.〔 His collection of plants from Hong Kong was used by George Bentham for his ''Flora Hongkongensis'' (1861). Between 1856 to 1867, he led a scientific expedition to Cuba.〔 In 1859 he joined Juan Gundlach in the area around Monteverde, and in the winter of 1861-62 they explored together around Cárdenas. He was also still in communication with Asa Gray and via him, Charles Darwin, discussing orchids.〔 Charles Darwin 〕 This was possible because at the start of the American Civil War, he was in Cuba and Gray kept him there until 1864 to keep Wright safe and his ongoing botanical work intact.〔Dupree, p. 310〕 In 1871, he went with the US Commission to Santo Domingo.〔 From 1875-6, he was the librarian of the Bussey Institution at Harvard University. His lichen specimens were given to Edward Tuckerman.〔 * He is commemorated in the names of a number of plants, including Datura wrightii, the genus Carlowrightia (wrightworts) and Geissorhiza wrightii (Baker).〔 George Engelmann] named a small cactus after him ''Wrights fishhook'' (''Sclerocactus wrightiae'').〔 Also in the name of the grey flycatcher ''Empidonax wrightii'' found near El Paso. Also the ''Tropidophis wrighti'' (Wrights dwarf boa) was also named after him.〔 Charles Wright Elementary School in Wethersfield, Connecticut is named after him. ==See also== * European and American voyages of scientific exploration 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Charles Wright (botanist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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